Scholars regard the tradition as inherited from the old Slavic religion. [6] In Semberija, a piece of the splinter is put in the dough for the česnica, a round loaf of bread prepared specially for Christmas dinner. "[6] or, "Hail, badnjak, veseljak! [12] In the clan of Kuči, wine is poured on the "beard" of the badnjak, and then a little girl sits for a moment on the log—for the well-being of the cattle. Možda da odnesem badnjak, i to je interesantan detalj, to je srpsko božićno drvo. The burning of the badnjak commemorates this event. Before World War I, soldiers of the Kingdom of Serbia developed the custom of laying a badnjak on a fire in their barracks. [2] The ritual burning of logs on the Eve was also carried out in Albania. It can be performed by an individual, but it is usually a collective act accompanied by a festive procession that may include carriages and horsemen. Srećom, škola nije previše politički korektna, ne ohrabruju preosetljivost kod dece. This rite is generally performed after the placing on the fire, although it may happen before, in which case the consecration may be performed in the church itself or in its yard. The belief that ancestral spirits dwell in the domestic hearth was attested among Slavic and other peoples. The characters of Stari Badnjak and Mladi Božić are found in old Serbian Christmas songs, where they are not explicitly referred to as father and son, and no fight between them is mentioned. Sve u vezi sa njim - sečenje, priprema, unošenje i slaganje - izvodi se kroz veći broj složenih obreda, koji se razlikuju u zavisnosti od dela zemlje. [5] In Resava, Levač, Temnić, and Jadar of Serbia, as well as in Ozren and Romanija of Bosnia, the badnjak is cut into three logs associated respectively with the men, the women, and the children. [12] It will be collected and taken out of the house on the morning of the second day after Christmas. Stranica Badnjak (drvo) dostupna je na 9 jezika. po tri pasa vrte se u kola, Fire from the domestic hearth was under no circumstances given out of the house on Christmas Eve, not even to a neighbor whose fire had gone out. Badnjak se seče pre izlaska sunca. [22], German scholar and folklorist Wilhelm Mannhardt holds that the log represented an incarnation of the spirit of vegetation. [6], Once the badnjak has burnt through, the thicker end is often taken out of the fire and used according to the local custom. Badnjak se seče sekirom sa tri udarca ukoso sa istočne strane. [17], The expedition to cut down the badnjak is the basic activity in the preparation part of the celebration. Takođe se veruje da će, ako na sam dan praznika pada sneg, naredna godina biti rodna. Definicija badnjaka. A common custom is to scatter a handful of walnuts over the straw. The number of these equal to the sum of grain and livestock sorts grown by the family are taken out from the ognjište and placed on the česnica. [2], In Croatian tradition, objects of two different types are referred to as badnjak. These practices are no longer performed, but in some places a modified form of badnjak is used: a cross is carved into the bark of pieces of firewood which are burned in kitchen stoves on Christmas Eve. The other type includes logs cut usually from oak trunks. The public badnjak ceremony was held in Serbian Orthodox parishes in the United States during that period,[19][20] as it is today. This cluster is also called the badnjak, and it is usually kept in the home until next Christmas Eve. "[15] Petrović-Njegoš describes the holiday atmosphere that surrounds the burning badnjak on Christmas Eve through the words of Abbot Stefan, one of the mains characters of The Mountain Wreath: Vatra plama bolje nego igda, [7], The badnjak burns on through Christmas Day, whether rekindled or kept burning from the Eve. It may be carried around the beehives, extinguished, and placed between the branches of a young plum or apple tree. In the succeeding Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the military badnjak ceremony was further elaborated and standardized in army service regulations, but the tradition ended at the outbreak of World War II. U krošnji hrasta bile su sigurne. The custom to use a domestic animal as a polaznik was kept in some regions until the first half of the 20th century. Badnjak je drvo (mladi hrast ili cer) koje se za Badnji dan poseče i spaljuje u ognjištu doma. The procession brought the trees to the barracks, in whose yard an open fire was built. Špiro Kulišić, Petar Ž. Petrović, Nikola Pantelić. English; español; français; polski; македонски; русский Vrati me na članak: Badnjak (drvo). The assembled devotees throw then into the fire their twig bunches, each representing a small badnjak. Molim te da budeš oprezan ako na Badnjak odlučiš piti. [17][18], After the ritual the priest delivers a short sermon, followed by the church choir singing Christmas songs; poems that praise the Nativity of Jesus may be recited. Badnjak (u nekim krajevima zvan i veseljak) je drvena oblica koja se kod pravoslavnih Srba obredno nalaže na vatru domaćeg ognjišta na Badnje veče.Drvo za badnjak, najčešće mlad i prav cer, siječe se ritualno rano ujutru na Badnji dan.Sječenje, priprema, unošenje i nalaganje izvode se kroz složene obrede, koji u raznim krajevima imaju različite forme. Parishioners festively cut the sapling to be used as the badnjak and take it to their church, where it is consecrated by a priest before being ceremonially placed on a fire pit in the churchyard. Logs were devotionally laid on the domestic fire on Christmas Eve in various parts of Italy; in Tuscany, Christmas is called Festa di Ceppo, literally "feast of log". [8], The first splinter from the tree is taken home and placed where prosperity is especially desired, such as beside the beehives, in the hen roost, or between milk basins in the dairy room, in the hope that the coming year's kaymak will clot to form thick layers in the basins. Kulišić, Špiro (1970). Depending on the local custom, Montenegrin Serbs may fell two, three, an arbitrary number greater than two, or the number equal to the male members of household plus one. prostrta je slama ispred ognja, [6], When the head of household finds a suitable tree, he stands in front of it facing east. [17], Yugoslavia's socialist government suppressed or discouraged public religious celebrations until the early 1990s. [28] In Bulgaria, the youngest man of the family goes on the Eve into a forest to cut down an oak, elm, or pear tree, which will be used as the badnik (бъдник). na. The tree from which the badnjak is cut, preferably a young, straight and undamaged Austrian oak, is ceremonially felled early on the morning of Christmas Eve. Počeli su nekršteni dani, ovoga se čuvajte. [6] In Bukovica the two thicker logs are placed side by side, and the thinner one (trinity) is placed in parallel on top. Nadam se da neće biti tužna ako ne pronađu paru, mislila sam. Some men put gloves on before they start to cut the tree, and from then on never touch the badnjak with their bare hands. A trace of sacrifice to the fire is the coin thrown into it by the polaznik after the ritual of making sparks fly from the badnjak.[23]. This was done as a protection against the demons called Kallikantzaroi, believed to be emerging from their dens at night during that period to attack people and damage their property. [27], Serbian ethnologist Petar Vlahović has proposed that the noun badnjak and the related adjective badnji (attributive "Christmas Eve") are derived from the root of the verb bdeti ("to be awake"), referring to a custom of staying awake through the night before Christmas Day. Prevedite željeni tekst u sekundi. [6] In Montenegrin Littoral, each should be adorned with leaved bay laurel, olive, juniper, and rosemary twigs, which are tied to the trunk's top, middle, and base with ivy or red silken or woolen threads. BADNJAK ( Martinus ) Izvadak iz božićne čestitke koju je poslao Martinus čitateljima na engleskom govornom području 1962g. It is placed on a fire on Christmas Eve[Note 1] and its branches are later brought home by worshipers. Zdravice se najbolje isplate na Badnjak u ponoć. [18], Although Serbian public religious celebrations, as those of other peoples, were discouraged in Socialist Yugoslavia until the early 1990s, they continued among Serbian Americans. Ne treba zanemariti ni činjenicu da je hrast - badnjak - drvo koje u Badnjoj noći gori na ognjištu. Englesko-hrvatski-rjecnik. Since then, the Serbian Orthodox Church has, together with local communities, organized public celebrations on Christmas Eve. There is a saying for a healthy person: The old Slavic religion developed from the ancestral. [14], The badnjak should not be jumped over or trodden upon, and blowing on its fire is avoided. The felling, preparation, bringing in, and laying on the fire, are surrounded by elabora… [8] The pair is in some regions joined by a third log called the badnjačić—the child-badnjak. [3] In central Serbia, the badnjak is laid with its thicker end sticking out from the ognjište. [7] In some regions, if the tree is not cut down after the third blow of the axe, then it must be pulled and twisted until its trunk breaks. sve bi reka jednogodišnici; Svi ukućani mu odgovaraju Bog ti dobro dao i sreće imao. The log burns on throughout Christmas Day, when the first visitor strikes it with a poker or a branch to make sparks fly, while wishing that the family's happiness and prosperity be as abundant as the sparks. In Thuringia the family placed a Christklotz (Christ log) on the fire before going to bed, so that it might burn all through the night. [11] In the Bay of Kotor, the ceremony is accompanied by the words "Kuda slama, tuda slava"—"Whither straw, thither celebration." [7] Christmas Eve dinner follows, which traditionally includes a round loaf of unleavened bread, beans, fish, walnuts, honey, and red wine. Onlinerecnik.com je najbrži i najkompletniji multijezični online rečnik na koji ste do sada naišli i koji ima mogućnost prevođenja između engleskog, francuskog, nemačkog i srpskog jezika. [25], According to Russian philologist and mythographer Boris Uspensky, Stari Badnjak and Mladi Božić have analogues in East Slavic tradition—Nikola's Dad and Nikola. The burning symbolized sunshine, securing the vitalizing power of the sun in the coming year. The connection between the father–son pairs of Stari Badnjak–Mladi Božić and Nikola's Dad–Nikola is corroborated by the fact that, in many East Slavic regions, practices characteristic for Christmas have been transferred to the Feast of Saint Nicholas. U kršćanskom kalendaru Badnjak je dan koji prethodi blagdanu Božića, rođenja Isusa Krista. The burning of the log is accompanied by prayers that the coming year brings food, happiness, love, luck, and riches. Dec 24 noun. Since the early 20th century, the Serbian badnjak tradition has also been celebrated more publicly. Koliko varnica, toliko u domaćinskom džepu novaca. In Serbian folklore, European Cornel is regarded as an embodiment of health. Members of citizens' associations and other civilians of the garrison town usually joined the procession as it proceeded to the nearest wood to collect the badnjak. It may also be placed beneath some baker's yeast, so that the prosperity of the household may grow like yeast. The garrison commander then placed the trees ceremonially on the fire, and gave an appropriate address. Koliko varnica, toliko u toru ovaca. He was the adversary of the dreadful thunder-god Perun, who is in this case reflected in Nikola's Dad. The woman of the house greets him back, saying "May God give you well-being, and may you have good luck", or "Good luck to you, and together with you for many years to come [may we be]", or similar, before throwing grain from a sieve at the man and the badnjak he carries. Iako se običaji vezani uz to drvo podosta razlikuju od kraja do kraja, ipak se mogu uočiti neki elementi koji prevladavaju. [5] The most prevalent custom, however, is to place a cluster of oak twigs, with their brown leaves still attached, in whichever location in the home the family feels is appropriate. In some parishes they build the fire on which to burn the badnjak not in the church yard but at some other suitable location in their town or village. In Montenegro it is called the head of the badnjak; the main log is laid on the fire with its head pointing east. [3] In a family with the tradition of burning the badnjak and badnjačica, they are laid one across the other; the males then kiss the former, and the females the latter. Modern houses usually have no ognjište on which to burn a badnjak, but it may be symbolically represented by several oak twigs, some of which are burnt in a wood-burning kitchen stove and the others placed beside it. The felling, preparation, bringing in, and laying on the fire, are surrounded by elaborate rituals, with many regional variations. Ovaj web sajt koristi kolačiće (cookies) kako bi Vam pružio najbolje iskustvo u njegovom korišćenju. They felled a set number of trees, dedicated respectively to the Royal Palace, the military command of the town, the respective commands of units of the garrison, its oldest officer, and its officers' assembly house. The badnjak is preferably cut from an oak, which was the most respected tree in the old Slavic religion, associated with the supreme god Perun. [11], The head of the household takes a jug of wine and pours some on the badnjak; in some regions, he may strew wheat grains over the logs. These spirits could be removed from the family if any piece of their fire were taken away by an outsider. Christmas proper noun. As most Serbs today live in towns and cities, the badnjak is often symbolically represented by a cluster of oak twigs with brown leaves attached, with which the home is decorated on Christmas Eve. In the former pair, the first stems from the mythical dragon, and the second from the dragon fighter, while in the latter pair it is vice versa. [4] In Zagarač, central Montenegro, both of the logs may be cut from the same tree if it is tall enough, the badnjačica then coming from the upper, thinner part of the trunk. a najviše zdravlja i veselja. Please be careful on Christmas Eve if you do decide to drink. SUBOTICA - Gotovo da nema kuće u Srbiji koju ovih dana ne krasi okićena jelka. Tradicionalno se na Badnjak posti i ne jede meso, iako Katolička crkva post ne smatra obveznim. s unučađu đedovi igraju, According to the Gospel of Luke 2:1–20, Mary Theotokos gave birth to Christ at Bethlehem, wrapped him in cloths and laid him in a manger. Once in the home, each badnjak is leaned vertically against the house beside the entrance door. "Bukovica: narodni život i običaji: Godišnji običaji", The Mountain Wreath; translated and edited by Vasa D. Mihailovich, "Blessing of the Badnjak: Serbian Orthodox Christmas in Missouri", How to Kill a Dragon: Aspects of Indo-European Poetics, St. George Serbian Orthodox Church in Hermitage, Pennsylvania, Serbian Christmas Celebrated in Jackson, California, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Badnjak_(Serbian)&oldid=1000570065, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Articles containing Serbian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 January 2021, at 17:57. [21] An angel of the Lord appeared to a group of shepherds who were keeping watch over their flock by night in that region, and told them that the Savior was born at Bethlehem. Prevod sa . In Montenegro, decasyllable Serbian epics are sung to an accompaniment played on the gusle, a traditional Serbian bowed string instrument. Druidi su … [17], The ritual is the central part of the celebration. On Christmas Eve, under the command of a specially appointed officer, the representatives of military units of a garrison formed a festive procession on horses, accompanied with music. Na primer, znamo da je na engleskom reč za drvo „tree“ ali ne i kako se kaže bukva, hrast, bor, niti kako da ga opišemo koristeći adekvatne prideve. [23] Its burning symbolized sunshine, and was intended to secure the vitalizing power of the sun in the ensuing year. Култ дрвета у народној религији има значајну улогу и у најважнијем религијском празнику Божићу. [3][5] He may also explain to the badnjak why it will be cut: "I have come to you to take to my home, to be my faithful helper to every progress and improvement, in the house, in the pen, in the field, and in every place. The hole is plugged, and that end of the log is wrapped with a white linen cloth before the badnik is festively burned on the hearth. The household's shepherds would kiss over it to ensure an abundance of lambs in the coming year. Badnjak (u nekim krajevima zvan i veseljak) je drvena oblica koja se kod pravoslavnih Srba obredno nalaže na vatru domaćeg ognjišta na Badnje veče.Drvo za badnjak, najčešće mlad i prav cer, siječe se ritualno rano ujutru na Badnji dan.Sječenje, priprema, unošenje i nalaganje izvode se kroz složene obrede, koji u raznim krajevima imaju različite forme. Badnji dan nazvan je po sečenoj grani hrasta - badnjaku, svetom drvetu Slovena. [12] A reward may be given to the family member who was the first to notice the event, and in the past the men would go outside and fire their guns in celebration. In some parishes more than one badnjak is used in the celebration, and a different tree is felled for each. Young, straight, and undamaged specimens are preferred. Izgovor reči i fraza. Hrast je i mjesto okupljanja vila. Ту је култ дрвета изражен у магијско-религијским радњама у вези са бадњаком. The reason for this prohibition, according to Čajkanović, was the belief that the Eve is a time when the ancestral spirits, guardians of the family's happiness and prosperity, are especially active in this world. A što mi se najviše dopada, I give you wheat and wine, and you give me every good thing and peace!" For the convenience of those living in towns and cities, such little badnjaks can be bought at marketplaces or distributed in churches. Uoči Badnjeg dana koji pravoslavni vjernici slave sjutra na mnogim mjestima u Podgorici počela je prodaja badnjaka. The badnjak (Serbian Cyrillic: бадњак, Serbian pronunciation: [bǎdɲaːk]), also called veseljak (весељак, [ʋɛˈsɛ̌ʎaːk], literally "the one who brings joy" in Serbian), is a tree branch or entire tree that is central to Serbian Christmas celebrations. Badnjak je deo naše predivne tradicije. The tree from which the badnjak is cut, preferably a young, straight and undamaged Austrian oak, is ceremonially felled early on the morning of Christmas Eve. BiH, (Patria) - Badnjak je dan neposredne pripreme za Božić. Badnjak je također ime za drvo, panj koji se, prema tradiciji, palio na ognjištu uoči Božića. The sort whose ember retains its glow longer than the others should be the most productive in the coming year. [1] The men may make crosses from it and put them under the eaves, on the fields, meadows, vineyards, and apiaries, so that the coming year may be happy and fruitful. The badnjak , also called veseljak (весељак, [ʋɛˈsɛ̌ʎaːk], literally "the one who brings joy" in Serbian), is a tree branch or entire tree that is central to Serbian Christmas celebrations. The resulting badnjak has a so-called "beard", the part of the trunk at which it broke off from the base of the tree. The best time for wassailing is midnight, Christmas Eve. 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